Analysis on Supply Chain Risk Factors of Prefabricated Buildings Using AHP-DEMATEL-ISM Model

Given the numerous participants in the supply chain of prefabricated buildings and the great difficulty in improving risk management and control level, influencing factors through the literature review method were identified. Then, 7 first-level indexes and 23 second-level indexes were extracted. An influence index system for supply chain risks of prefabricated buildings was established. Comprehensively considering the importance and correlation of various influencing factors, the AHP-DEMATEL (Analytic Hierarchy Process and Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) combined model was constructed, which solved the one-sided problem of the weight result of a single model. Then, the ISM (Interpretative Structural Modelling) model could be used to show the characteristics of the structural relationship of influencing factors hierarchically, and the fundamental supply chain risk factors were more accurately and clearly explored using the AHP-DEMATEL-ISM model. Results show that: (1) Logistics transportation distance, damage to prefabricated components during transportation, and unreasonable control of assembly period are the fundamental factors affecting the risk of prefabricated buildings, among which logistics transportation distance and damage to prefabricated components during transportation are the resulting factors, and the unreasonable control of the assembly period is the causal factor, but the factor weight is low because of the difficulty in short-term improvement. (2) Component production technology and equipment, transportation distance, and punctuality of product supply account for a high weight in the supply chain risk assessment index system of prefabricated buildings. (3) A total of 11 factors, such as inconformity of product design and standard, immature design technology level, component production technology and equipment, and quality of purchased materials, affect the supply chain risk of prefabricated buildings and are also causal factors with high weights. Conclusions obtained in the study provide a theoretical basis for the supply chain risk control of prefabricated buildings to a certain extent and also present a new perspective for the supply chain risk assessment of prefabricated buildings

Lithium Ion Battery Failure Detection Using Temperature Difference Between Internal Point and Surface

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Lithium-ion batteries are widely used for portable electronics due to high energy density, mature processing technology and reduced cost. However, their applications are somewhat limited by safety concerns. The lithium-ion battery users will take risks in burn or explosion which results from some internal components failure. So, a practical method is required urgently to find out the failures in early time. In this thesis, a new method based on temperature difference between internal point and surface (TDIS) of the battery is developed to detect the thermal failure especially the thermal runaway in early time. A lumped simple thermal model of a lithium-ion battery is developed based on TDIS. Heat transfer coefficients and heat capacity are determined from simultaneous measurements of the surface temperature and the internal temperature in cyclic constant current charging/discharging test. A look-up table of heating power in lithium ion battery is developed based on the lumped model and cyclic charging/discharging experimental results in normal operating condition. A failure detector is also built based on TDIS and reference heating power curve from the look-up table to detect aberrant heating power and bad parameters in transfer function of the lumped model. The TDIS method and TDIS detector is validated to be effective in thermal runaway detection in a thermal runway experiment. In the validation of thermal runway test, the system can find the abnormal heat generation before thermal runaway happens by detecting both abnormal heating power generation and parameter change in transfer function of thermal model of lithium ion batteries. The result of validation is compatible with the expectation of detector design. A simple and applicable detector is developed for lithium ion battery catastrophic failure detection

MYCBP2 expression correlated with inflammatory cell infiltration and prognosis immunotherapy in thyroid cancer patients

IntroductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising results for the treatment of multiple cancers. ICIs and related therapies may also be useful for the treatment of thyroid cancer (TC). In TC, Myc binding protein 2 (MYCBP2) is correlated with inflammatory cell infiltration and cancer prognosis. However, the relationship between MYCBP2 expression and ICI efficacy in TC patients is unclear.MethodsWe downloaded data from two TC cohorts, including transcriptomic data and clinical prognosis data. The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was used to predict the efficacy of ICIs in TC patients. MCPcounter, xCell, and quanTIseq were used to calculate immune cell infiltration scores. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were used to evaluate signaling pathway scores. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis and clinical follow up was used to identify the MYCBP2 protein expression status in patients and associated with clinical outcome.ResultsA higher proportion of MYCBP2-high TC patients were predicted ICI responders than MYCBP2-low patients. MYCBP2-high patients also had significantly increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs), B cells, natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DC)s. Compared with MYCBP2-low patients, MYCBP2-high patients had higher expression of genes associated with B cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), antigen processing and presentation, inflammatory stimulation, and interferon (IFN) responses. GSEA and ssGSEA also showed that MYCBP2-high patients had significantly increased activity of inflammatory factors and signaling pathways associated with immune responses.In addiation, Patients in our local cohort with high MYCBP2 expression always had a better prognosis and greater sensitivity to therapy while compared to patients with low MYCBP2 expression after six months clinic follow up.ConclusionsIn this study, we found that MYCBP2 may be a predictive biomarker for ICI efficacy in TC patients. High MYCBP2 expression was associated with significantly enriched immune cell infiltration. MYCBP2 may also be involved in the regulation of signaling pathways associated with anti-tumor immune responses or the production of inflammatory factors

Analysis of Location Accuracy without Ground Control Points of Optical Satellite Imagery

There are two photography modes in optical satellite photogrammetry, including global continuous coverage and local area coverage, and each photography mode has its own characteristics about application and way to realize location accuracy without ground control points (GCPs). In this paper, the location accuracy without GCPs of typical satellite is introduced, and the key technical in bundle adjustment is described. Finally, the simulation experments are performed about location accuracy without GCPs using forward intersection and bundle adjustment. The results are shown: the attitude accuracy of exterior orientation elements is key factor to affect the location accuracy without GCPs, while the image resolution has little effect. When attitude accuracy of exterior orientation elements exceeds 0.5, the location accuracy without GCPs using bundle adjustment with 5 m resolution is better than it using forward intersection with 0.5 m resolution

Self-adaption Bundle Adjustment of Three-line Array Image with Smoothing Equation of Exterior Orientation Elements

Exterior orientation elements is a key factor to effect the location accuracy of optical satellite images, and its accuracy is depended on not only the attitude and orbit determination system, but also the stability of satellite platform.However, there is a mutation phenomenon in satellite engineering, which will lead to a big change of vertical parallax in processing strip.In this paper, based on the theory of EFP bundle adjustment of all three-line intersection, the strategy and mathematical model of self-adaption bundle adjustment with smoothing equation of exterior orientation elements are proposed.Firstly, the image is segmented automatically according to the vertical parallax difference data of the stereoscopic image.Then, the different weights of smoothing equation of external orientation element are given with different image segments, and participated in bundle adjustment.Finally, the experiments are performed and the results show that the proposed method can effectively restrain the influence of the satellite attitude observation mutation to the accuracy of positioning without control of stereo images, especially the elevation accuracy improved significantly

Preliminary Location Accuracy Assessments of 3rd Satellite of TH-1

The TH-1 satellite is the first stereo mapping transmission satellite in China, and the primary mission goal of the satellite is for topographic mapping at 1:50 000 scale and high-accuracy location without Ground Control Points (GCPs). 1st, 2nd satellites of TH-1 were launched on August 24, 2010, May 6, 2012, and 3rd satellite was launched on October 26, 2015. Now, three satellites of TH-1 are well operating on its orbit. After evaluation, the location accuracy of 1st satellite without GCPs is 10.3 m/5.7 m (horizontal accuracy/vertical elevation accuracy), and the location accuracy of 2nd is equivalent with 1st satellite. In this paper, the system overview of TH-1 and the key technical in ground image processing are introduced. Then, the preliminary location accuracy of 3rd is assessed. The results are shown using three routes images:the location accuracy of 3rd is higher than 2nd, and can realize high accuracy location without GCPs, in which the horizontal accuracy is 7.2 m, and the vertical elevation accuracy is 2.6 m

DephosSite:A machine learning approach for discovering phosphotase-specific dephosphorylation sites

Protein dephosphorylation, which is an inverse process of phosphorylation, plays a crucial role in a myriad of cellular processes, including mitotic cycle, proliferation, differentiation, and cell growth. Compared with tyrosine kinase substrate and phosphorylation site prediction, there is a paucity of studies focusing on computational methods of predicting protein tyrosine phosphatase substrates and dephosphorylation sites. In this work, we developed two elegant models for predicting the substrate dephosphorylation sites of three specific phosphatases, namely, PTP1B, SHP-1, and SHP-2. The first predictor is called MGPS-DEPHOS, which is modified from the GPS (Group-based Prediction System) algorithm with an interpretable capability. The second predictor is called CKSAAP-DEPHOS, which is built through the combination of support vector machine (SVM) and the composition of k-spaced amino acid pairs (CKSAAP) encoding scheme. Benchmarking experiments using jackknife cross validation and 30 repeats of 5-fold cross validation tests show that MGPS-DEPHOS and CKSAAP-DEPHOS achieved AUC values of 0.921, 0.914 and 0.912, for predicting dephosphorylation sites of the three phosphatases PTP1B, SHP-1, and SHP-2, respectively. Both methods outperformed the previously developed kNN-DEPHOS algorithm. In addition, a web server implementing our algorithms is publicly available at http://genomics.fzu.edu.cn/dephossite/ for the research community

Analysis on Supply Chain Risk Factors of Prefabricated Buildings Using AHP-DEMATEL-ISM Model

Given the numerous participants in the supply chain of prefabricated buildings and the great difficulty in improving risk management and control level, influencing factors through the literature review method were identified. Then, 7 first-level indexes and 23 second-level indexes were extracted. An influence index system for supply chain risks of prefabricated buildings was established. Comprehensively considering the importance and correlation of various influencing factors, the AHP-DEMATEL (Analytic Hierarchy Process and Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) combined model was constructed, which solved the one-sided problem of the weight result of a single model. Then, the ISM (Interpretative Structural Modelling) model could be used to show the characteristics of the structural relationship of influencing factors hierarchically, and the fundamental supply chain risk factors were more accurately and clearly explored using the AHP-DEMATEL-ISM model. Results show that: (1) Logistics transportation distance, damage to prefabricated components during transportation, and unreasonable control of assembly period are the fundamental factors affecting the risk of prefabricated buildings, among which logistics transportation distance and damage to prefabricated components during transportation are the resulting factors, and the unreasonable control of the assembly period is the causal factor, but the factor weight is low because of the difficulty in short-term improvement. (2) Component production technology and equipment, transportation distance, and punctuality of product supply account for a high weight in the supply chain risk assessment index system of prefabricated buildings. (3) A total of 11 factors, such as inconformity of product design and standard, immature design technology level, component production technology and equipment, and quality of purchased materials, affect the supply chain risk of prefabricated buildings and are also causal factors with high weights. Conclusions obtained in the study provide a theoretical basis for the supply chain risk control of prefabricated buildings to a certain extent and also present a new perspective for the supply chain risk assessment of prefabricated buildings

Low-frequency Errors Compensation of Attitude Determination System in Satellite Photogrammetry

In the attitude determination system exists not only the high-frequency errors, but also the low-frequency errors related to the satellite orbit latitude and time. The low-frequency errors would affect the location accuracy without GCPs, especially to the horizontal accuracy. In this paper, firstly, the factors that produce low-frequency errors and the solutions are analyzed. Secondly, the low-frequency errors are detected and compensated automatically during bundle adjustment in TH-1 satellite, thus the influence of location accuracy by low-frequency error is eliminated. At last, the verification is tested using data of TH-1. The experimental results show: low-frequency errors compensation can resolve the system error of position without GCP, and has played an important role in the consistency of global location accuracy for TH-1